Translational Immunology, Volume 1: Etiology of Autoimmune Diseases by Nima Rezaei

Author:Nima Rezaei [Rezaei, Nima]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780128225646
Publisher: Elsevier
Published: 2021-10-22T00:00:00+00:00

Chapter 9: Autoimmune diseases and the role of Toll-like receptor-7 and -9 signaling cascades

Emma J. Keller; Neeva B. Patel; Trine N. Jorgensen* Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States

* Corresponding author

Abstract

Endosomal toll-like receptors such as TLR7 and TLR9 are often upregulated in autoimmune settings. Interestingly, studies in animal models have largely confirmed a dichotomous function of these two receptors, with TLR7 being pathogenic and TLR9 being protective. We here introduce these TLRs and discuss data supporting a role for each in five different autoimmune disorders based on both human and animal data. Furthermore, we present a comprehensive list of currently known agonists and antagonists of TLR7 and TLR9 activation and signaling, speculating on the potential use of these therapeutics in autoimmunity.

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